\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{amsart}
\title{The Greek alphabet}
\author{David Pierce}
\date{\today}
\address{Mathematics Dept, Middle East Technical University,
  Ankara 06531, Turkey}
\urladdr{arf.math.metu.edu.tr/~dpierce/}
\email{dpierce@metu.edu.tr}

\usepackage{hfoldsty}
%\usepackage{typearea}
\usepackage{pstricks,pst-plot}
\usepackage[polutonikogreek,english]{babel}
\usepackage[oxonia]{psgreek}
\usepackage[notref,notcite]{showkeys}
\newcommand{\Gk}[1]{\selectlanguage{polutonikogreek}#1\selectlanguage{english}}
\newcommand{\lett}[1]{\textsf{#1}}
\begin{document}
\maketitle\thispagestyle{empty}
  \begin{center}
      \begin{tabular}{c c c c}
capital&minuscule&transliteration&name\\\hline
\Gk{A}& \Gk{a} & a & alpha \\ 
\Gk{B}& \Gk{b} & b & beta   \\ 
\Gk{G}& \Gk{g} & g & gamma \\ 
\Gk{D}& \Gk{d} & d & delta \\ 
\Gk{E}& \Gk{e} & e & epsilon\\ 
%&\Gk{\stigma}& stigma\\
\Gk{Z}& \Gk{z} & z & zeta   \\ 
\Gk{H}& \Gk{h} & \^e & eta \\ 
 \Gk{J}& \Gk{j} & th & theta \\
%\hline 
 \Gk{I}& \Gk{i} & i & iota\\ 
\Gk{K}& \Gk{k} & k & kappa\\ 
 \Gk{L}& \Gk{l} & l & lambda\\ 
 \Gk{M}& \Gk{m} & m & mu \\
 \Gk{N}& \Gk{n} & n & nu \\ 
 \Gk{X}& \Gk{x} & x & xi \\ 
 \Gk{O}& \Gk{o} & o & omicron\\ 
 \Gk{P}& \Gk{p} & p & pi\\ 
%&\Gk{\qoppa}& koppa\\
%\hline
 \Gk{R}& \Gk{r} & r & rho\\ 
 \Gk{S}& \Gk{s, c} & s & sigma \\
 \Gk{T}& \Gk{t} & t & tau \\ 
 \Gk{U}& \Gk{u} & y, u & upsilon \\ 
 \Gk{F}& \Gk{f} & ph & phi\\ 
 \Gk{Q}& \Gk{q} & ch & chi\\ 
 \Gk{Y}& \Gk{y} & ps & psi\\ 
 \Gk{W}& \Gk{w} & \^o & omega\\
%&\Gk{\sampi}& sampi\\
\hline
  \end{tabular}
  \end{center}
\vfill
\vfill
The following remarks pertain to \emph{ancient} Greek.
The vowels are 
%\begin{center}
\Gk{a, e, h, i, o, u, w,} 
%\end{center}
where
\Gk h is a long \Gk e, and \Gk w is a long \Gk o; the other vowels
(\Gk{a, i, u}) can be long or short.  
Some vowels may be given tonal accents
(\Gk{'a, ~a, `a}).  
An initial vowel takes either a rough\-{}-breathing mark (as in
\Gk{<a}) or a 
smooth\-{}-breathing mark (\Gk{>a}): the former mark is transliterated
by a preceding
\lett h, and the latter can be ignored, as in
  \Gk{<uperbol'h} hyperbol\^e \emph{hyperbola,}
\Gk{>orjog'wnion} orthog\^onion \emph{rectangle.}
Likewise, \Gk{<r} is
transliterated as \lett{rh}, as in
  \Gk{<r'omboc} rhombos \emph{rhombus.}
A long vowel may have an iota subscript (\Gk{a|, h|, w|}), especially
in case-endings of nouns.
Of the two forms of minuscule sigma, the \Gk{c} appears at
the ends of words; elsewhere, \Gk{sv} appears, as in
\Gk{b'asic} basis \emph{base.}
\vfill
\vfill
\end{document}
